Beyond The Law

Keywords: going beyond the strict letter of the law, lifnim mishurat hadin, rule-driven ethics, value-driven ethics, morality and law, Talmud, justice, moral judgment in law, way of the pious

Beyond the Law

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This book offers a comprehensive analysis of the law of treaties as it emerges from the interplay between the 1969 Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties and customary international law. It revisits the basic concepts underlying the provisions of the Vienna Convention, so as to determine the actual state of the law and its foreseeable development. In doing so, it examines some of the most controversial aspects of the law of treaties. The book first explores the influence exerted by the Vienna Convention on pre-existing customary law. Certain rules of the Convention which, at the time of its adoption, appeared to fall within the realm of progressive development, can now be regarded as customary international rules. Conversely, a number of provisions of the Convention, in particular those which have been the subject of subsequent codification work by the International Law Commission, have become obsolete. It then examines the impact exerted by the Vienna Convention on the development of other fields of international law, such as the law of international responsibility and the law of international organizations. The last section of the book is devoted to cross-cutting issues, with particular reference to the notion of jus cogens - a concept first used in the Vienna Convention in connection with the problem of the validity of treaties and which, afterwards, has acquired a legal significance going well beyond the Convention.Written by a team of renowned international lawyers, this book offers new insight into the basic concepts and methodology of the law of treaties and its problems.

Results: Directors from 169 of 231 eligible training programs responded to the survey (73%). Institutional policies limited abortion beyond state law in 57% of teaching hospitals, most commonly in the Midwest and South (odds ratio [OR] 4.3, P

Discussion: Reportedly driven by broader institutional interests, obstetrics and gynecology teaching hospital policies often restricted abortion beyond state law to the detriment of abortion access and training opportunities. Vague or unwritten abortion policies, although difficult to navigate, gave health care providers some agency and flexibility over their practices.

The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA, 1990) is the cornerstone of civil rights policy for people with disabilities. Although enforced through the justice system, the legacy of the ADA transcends well beyond its legal ramifications. The policy's framework and the rhetoric of Disability Rights suggest both an embrace of the spirit and the letter of the law, or promulgating both legislative and cultural change to ensure that the rights of people with disabilities are met. In attempting to understand how and if such change has happened, researchers have gathered extensive evidence since 1990. Much of this research evidence, however, remains fragmented, under-utilized, and at times inconclusive. This article presents the results of a rapid evidence review of a sample of such research that is crucial to understand the ADA's progress. The study examines evidence about the ADA's influence on knowledge, attitudes and perceptions about employment of people with disabilities. The research illustrates the importance of moving beyond the law to incorporate changes in knowledge about the law, perceptions of employability, and workplace culture.

The process of preventing discriminatory attitudes that may accompany or predicate such practice is a more complex task that requires inquiry beyond the legal framework. In addition to facilitating civil protections, policymakers and activists alike imagined that a cultural embrace of the law (what George Bush referred to as the "spirit" of the law during the ADA signing ceremony in 1990), would further enhance the implementation process. While the federal government would oversee the protection of rights through the legal system, policy players imagined that various entities within the public and private sector would stimulate and support change by increasing a culture of compliance and accessibility (NCD, 1986). Together, the cultural embrace of compliance is commonly referred to as the 'spirit goal' of the ADA- or the process of informing stakeholders about disability rights and changing prejudicial attitudes that often precede discriminatory practice (see Mayerson, 1991).

There are a multitude of stakeholders and resources that are necessary to consult when considering the ADA's impact in regards to both the Spirit and the Letter of the law. It is also necessary to look beyond the existing research to understand the full impact of the law. Conducting a review of this type leaves a number of questions unanswered- as systematic reviews are less useful to identify the evidence that still needs to be collected. Many people with disabilities have experienced improved access to various domains of employment in way that have not been quantified and analyzed but are reflected in the improved transportation systems, public accommodations, and the overall visibility of many people with disabilities that was much smaller before the emergence of disability rights. Other anecdotal evidence in relation to the ADA's spirit goals in employment indicates that the ADA has made monumental stride in challenging damaging perceptions of disability (Yee & Golden, 2011). Simply because there has not fully documentation or evidence about changes in the social fabric of society does not necessary connote that the policy has failed to do so. Moving forward we can only hope the research grows to reflect the full progress of people with disabilities in pursing civil rights under the ADA.

What kind of futures do gene editing technologies portend and what imaginaries of progress, risk, and control guide their regulation? This two-day groundbreaking workshop will bring together scholars from a diverse range of disciplines including law, philosophy, biology, ecology, anthropology, medicine, media, and the arts to contemplate the complex cultural, scientific, regulatory, and normative implications of gene editing technologies for the future of life. The participants will examine and problematize the evolving regulatory approaches to gene editing within, and beyond, the human. As part of the workshop, three of the participants will give a public lecture at the Center for the Arts, with comments and questions from the other participants to follow.

The Society of American Law Teachers (SALT) is committed to advancing teaching excellence, social justice and diversity. SALT is a community of progressive law teachers, law school administrators, librarians, academic support experts, students and affiliates. SALT has been working for more than 40 years to improve the legal profession, the law academy and expand the power of law to under-served communities. SALT engages in work within and beyond the law school to advance social justice.

Law Teaching Strategies for a New Era: Beyond the Physical Classroom, the first comprehensive book on online legal education, explores techniques, tools, and strategies that can assist all types of law professors in that endeavor. The thirty-four chapters, authored by law professors from across the country, provide a comprehensive look at expanding legal education beyond the traditional classroom experience. Divided into four sections, the book starts by offering tips for getting started and fostering inclusion in online courses. It then moves to suggestions for course design of blended, synchronous, and asynchronous courses, including a chapter on measuring success through empirical research. 041b061a72